
Similarly, questions of fairness arise as governments hand out subsidies to try to reduce emissions and also reliance on imported Russian fossil fuel through increased use of renewable energy and improved insulation. Grievances over social justice were at the heart of the "yellow vest" protests in France in 2018 that prompted President Emmanuel Macron to abandon an ecology tax on petrol and diesel, which was meant to limit fossil fuel use, but was seen as hitting those who could least afford it. "I don't know when they will pay it, but eventually they will," he said. As Europe doubles down on green ambitions made more urgent by a fuel and cost of living crisis, the disconnect between Madrid's suburbs highlights a wider dilemma for policy-makers: how to ensure low-income groups are not left further behind as economies embrace the energy transition ahead.Ĭosmes Cuesta is comfortably off rather than rich, but he can afford the wait for his state subsidy.
